CHIS 24A04 - Euroscepticism since 1945

The idea of Europe has taken different forms throughout history. After the Second World War, these European projects inspired the creation of the first European institutions, marking the beginning of the European integration process that led to the advent of the European Union we know today. However, European integration is not a linear process: it faces resistance, crises, doubts and setbacks that needs tobe analysed. Opponents of European integration challenge European institutions and policies, and even the European project itself, in contrast to those who support European unification. Euroscepticism takes many forms. The course presents a history of European integration through a perspective of opposition to Europe since 1945, based on the analysis of collective case studies and the study of sources. It relies on student participation and contribution, particularly through oral presentations.

The course is assessed on a continuous basis. The final mark is calculated as the average of three marks, each weighted equally:

• A mark for an oral presentation, prepared and delivered in front of the class, either individually or in pairs, on a topic chosen at the beginning of the semester.
• A mark assessing a written examination, including questions on the course and questions to analyse one document about an issue discussed in class.
• A mark rewarding the student's commitment throughout the course, in particular their involvement and the relevance of their participation in group study.